Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture is breeding, raising, and harvesting fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants. Aquaculture definition and meaning collins english. Aquaculture aquaculture is the fastest growing food production sector globally. By far the greatest threat to mangrove swamps comes from the rapidly expanding shrimp aquaculture, which offers a high economic return. Aquaculture produces almost half of the seafood consumed by humans globally, a trend that continues to increase. Defined broadly, agriculture includes farming both animals animal husbandry and plants agronomy, horticulture and forestry in part. Aquaculture industry in the last three decades has grown at an unprecedented rate stimulated by the increased demand for fish and fishery products as global population awareness of fish as a health food increased and the production from capture. Fish farming is cultivation of fish for commercial purposes in manmade tanks and other enclosures.
Aquaculture also known as aquafarming, it is the controlled growth of aquatic species pisciculture aquaculture practice involving finned fish extensive aquaculture managed aquaculture dependent on the local natural setting, such as a pond or coastal sea area. A definition of aquaculture intensity based on production. Aquaculture less commonly spelled aquiculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae, and other organisms. Intensification of aquaculture has led to the promotion of conditions that favour the use of a wide range of chemicals, including antibiotics, pesticides, hormones, anaesthetics and various pigments. Aquaculture needs a strong, sustainable rate of growth in order to keep up with demand for food as global populations rise. Term definition food and agriculture organization of the united. The online glossary is presented in the following format. The type of aquaculture operation that you begin will be influenced by your financial and labor resources as well as available markets.
Sustainable aquaculture is a dynamic concept and the sustainability of an aquaculture system will vary with species, location, societal norms and the state of knowledge and technology. It is an important part of the global food and seafood supplies. Freshwater aquaculture is practiced mainly in ponds, cages, pens, tanks and raceways. Aquaculture glossary of terms fish farming terminology. Environmental problems of aquaculture earth journalism. Growth of nearshore aquaculture will be significant in many regions with more countries expanding and starting up their activities. The united states is a major consumer of aquaculture products we import 84 percent of our seafood, and half of that is from aquaculture yet we are a minor producer. Aquaculture is defined by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations as the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants with some sort of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding and protection from predators.
Polyculture this is an practice where more than one species of aquatic organisms are cultured in the same pond, in order to effectively utilize the full ecological niches of the pond. Depending on their location, whether it is a landlocked fish pond, or a floating cage in a saltwater estuary, high concentrations of aquatic species can alter or destroy existing wild habitat, increase local pollution levels or. Globally, aquaculture supplies more than 50 percent of all seafood produced for human. The seafish guide to aquaculture 3 the global picture almost all fish produced from aquaculture are destined for human consumption the term fish refers to finfish and all other animals, e. Aquaculture definition is the cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish or shellfish especially for food. Seafood demand seafood supply seafood trade status of aquaculture production systems the future and the challenge references the role of aquaculture aquaculture production systems wiley online library. Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish. Definition of food in the aquatic culture environment.
Essential business operations definitions april 3, 2020. Aquaculture definition of aquaculture by merriamwebster. Boyd department of fisheries and allied aquacultures, 203 swingle hall, auburn university, alabama 36849, usa craig s. Information and translations of aquaculture in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. History of aquaculture aquaculture is the process of growingraising fish, shellfish, or other aquatic animals or plants in a controlled environment. The science of cultivating marine or freshwater food fish, such as salmon and trout, or shellfish, such as oysters and clams, under controlled conditions. Fisheries and aquaculture encyclopedia of life support systems eolss i contents volume i fisheries and aquaculture. Essential business operations definitions essential businesses and operations. The importance of fisheries and aquaculture to development 357 they are projected to remain net exporters of high value. Aquaculture production has constantly increased its share in the total fish production, while the annual capture from fisheries has remained. Overview aquaculture is the farming of any plant or animal that lives in water. Food processing and agriculture fishing and aquaculture industrial manufacturing construction and maintenance of essential infrastructure trash collection and transfer stations grocery and household goods including convenience stores.
Aquaculture or farming in water is the aquatic equivalent of agriculture or farming on land. A definition of aquaculture and a comparison with fisheries was proposed by fao. The united nations food and agriculture organization fao sees little possibility to increase supply from wild capture fisheries to meet the growing demand for fish protein, as 75% of the worlds fishing grounds are fully exploited, over exploited or severely. In aquaculture, residues from agriculture and food producing industries as well as fishmeal are important sources of feeds. A united nations agency that works on international efforts to defeat hunger by helping developing. Dictionary grammar blog school scrabble thesaurus translator quiz more resources more from collins. A guide for usaid staff and partners june 20 disclaimer the authors views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the united states.
Aquaculture meaning in the cambridge english dictionary. However, the capture fishery cannot be expected to be a perennial protein donar. Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms, in cluding fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic pl ants. Marine aquaculture refers to the culturing of species that live in the. The census of aquaculture collects detailed information relating to production volume and methods, surface water acres and sources, sales, point of first sale outlets, and aquaculture distributed for restoration, conservation, enhancement, or recreational purposes. Usda national agricultural statistics service surveys. Aquaculture definition of aquaculture by the free dictionary. Aquaculture the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of animals and plants in all types of water environmentsis one of the most resourceefficient ways to produce protein and has helped improve nutrition and food security in many parts of the world. Aquaculture is an agribusiness just as dairy farming or the arable crop farming of maize are. Aquaculture has the same objective as agriculture the controlled production of food to improve the supply for our consumption. Tucker national warmwater aquaculture center, mississippi state university, 127 experiment station road, stoneville, mississippi 38776, usa. Aquaculture is a broad term used to refer to any farmed aquatic species, from freshwater trout to saltwater shellfish. The worlds oceans and rivers are fast approaching the limits of fish and shellfish production that can be harvested on a continual basis. Towards sustainable aquatic living resources management 1 p.
The cultivation of marine or freshwater organisms, especially food fish or shellfish such as salmon or oysters, under controlled. The glossary is also published in hardcopy and cdrom. The most common types of farmed fish are catfish, tilapia, salmon, carp, cod and trout. Intensive aquaculture the practice of culturing massive densities of fish in relatively small units, with high quality feed as the primary source of nutrients. Aquaculture definition, the cultivation of aquatic animals and plants, especially fish, shellfish, and seaweed, in natural or controlled marine or freshwater environments. Fish production was previously heavily dependent upon capture fishery and in particular the marine resources. Technology is paving the way for many new types of aquaculture. This can be either in seawater, brackish water, or freshwater on land or in the oceans, lakes or rivers. However, unlike the latter two, in general the former is a less. Fishing and aquaculture industrial manufacturing construction, maintenance and property management trash collection, transfer stations and redemption centers forest products psychiatric and longterm care facilities group homes and residential treatment facilities biomedical life science. Pdf aquaculture has over the years been able to offset the deficits in national. Health benefit all over the world, the demand for seafood has increased because people have learned that seafoods s part of regular diets are healthier and help fight cardiovascular disease, cancer, alzheimers and many other major illnesses.
Additionally, the use of antibiotics, antifoulants, and pesticides are all problems that aquaculture can introduce into the marine environment. According to a report on fishing and aquaculture by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations fao in 2016, in terms of global production volume, that of farmed fish and aquatic plants combined surpassed that of capture fisheries in 20. Food in the aquatic culture system refers to the organisms which serve as food for cultured fish. The start of the 21 st century saw aquaculture take on great importance worldwide. The scope of aquaculture includes the traditional priorities of its sections, but also includes papers from nontraditional scientific areas such as sustainability science, socialecological systems, ornamental, conservation and restoration related to aquaculture. Aquaculture act 18 of 2002 gg 2888 brought into force on 3 december 2003 by gn 2452003 gg 3104 act to regulate and control aquaculture activities. The definition often includes a combination of fish and fishers in a region, the latter fishing for similar species with similar gear types. The term aquaculture covers all forms of farming of aquatic animals and plants in freshwater, brackish water and saltwater. The food and agriculture organization of the united nations fao recognizes farmraised seafood as a key.
In the case of aquaculture, the products are aquatic animals and plants that grow in the water. Farming a lso implies individu al or corporate ownership of the s tock being cultivated. Interpretation of ph, acidity, and alkalinity in aquaculture and fisheries claude e. The chesapeake bay, historically one of the nation s most productive bodies of water, is an all too familiar example where commercial harvests are in decline. Marine aquaculture medmaritime integrated projects. Users are invited to send comments and suggestions by email to. Several certification programs have made progress in defining key characteristics of sustainable aquaculture. The present book mainly deals with aquaculture and fisheries environment and updates the subject matter and problems to incorporate new concepts and issues related to aquaculture and fisheries.
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